Vector graphics

• Vector graphics are created from mathematical formulas used to define lines, shapes and curves.
• Vector graphics are based on vectors, which lead through locations called control points or nodes.
• Each of these points has a definite position on the x- and y-axes of the work plane and determines the direction of the path.
• Further, each path may be assigned various attributes, including such values as stroke color, shape, curve, thickness, and fill.

• The below image shows how the mathematical functions work in vector graphics.

Raster graphics

• Raster graphics image is a dot matrix data structure, representing a generally rectangular grid of pixels, or points of color, viewable via a monitor, paper, or other display medium.
• Raster images are stored in image files with varying formats.

• Raster graphics vs Vector graphics.

Why Vector graphics

• Very less size.
• High quality.
• Easy to resize without losing quality.

Vector graphics file formats

• .AI, .CDR, .CGM, .DXF, .EVA, .EMF, .Gerber, .HVIF, .IGES, .PGML, .SVG, .VML, .WMF, .Xar

Advantages of Vectors

• Resolution independent.
• Regardless of how much the image is enlarged or reduced, the image definition and quality remain the same.
• Small file sizes.
• Easily transferred over the internet.

Disadvantages of Vectors

• Lower color quality than raster images.
• They do not support as many colors.
• Not good for photographic images.